串口初始化
- 2时钟使能
- RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
- GPIO模式设置(GPIO_Init)
- TX:GPIO_Mode_AF_PP 推挽输出
- RX:GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING 浮空输入
- 串口协议设置
- USART_Init(GPIOx,USART_InitTypeDef)(波特率,8字长,1位停止位,无校验位,可收可发USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;)
- 中断
- 开启串口
-
- USART_Cmd(USARTx, ENABLE);
发送数据:
USART_SendData(UARTx,0x34);//实质是对UARTx->DR写0x34
while(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC)==RESET); //等待发送完成,实质是读取UARTx->SR的TC位(发送成功标志位)。另外,关于UARTx->SR的TE寄存器(DR寄存器刚刚写入数据的时候,TE清0;当DR中数据被传送到移位寄存器后(此时DR可准备下一次的发送数据),TE置1)
使用printf
接收数据:
- 中断方式:
-
if(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_RXNE)==SET) { USART_ReceiveData(USART1); USART_ClearFlag(USART1,USART_FLAG_RXNE); }
- 查询方式:(上位机发送字符串时会来不及接收)
if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE)==SET) { USART_ReceiveData(USART1); USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE); }
清除中断
- 清除TXE:对USART_DR的写操作,一定将该位清零 ,不能用USART_ClearITPendingBit
- 清除TC:先读USART_SR,然后写入USART_DR,将该位清零
- 清除RXNE,对USART_DR的读操作,将该位清零
- PE (Parity error), FE (Framing error), NE (Noise error), ORE (OverRunerror) and IDLE (Idle line detected) flags are cleared by software sequence: a read operation to USART_SR register (USART_GetFlagStatus()) followed by a read operation to USART_DR register (USART_ReceiveData()).//读状态写数据
- RXNE flag can be also cleared by a read to the USART_DR register * (USART_ReceiveData()).//读数据
- TC flag can be also cleared by software sequence: a read operation to USART_SR register (USART_GetFlagStatus()) followed by a write operationto USART_DR register (USART_SendData()).//读状态写数据
- TXE flag is cleared only by a write to the USART_DR register (USART_SendData()).//写数据
只有在多缓存通讯中才推荐直接对中断标志位清零
ITStatus & FlagStatus
USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_RXNE);//若SR寄存器的RXNE位1则返回SET
USART_GetITStatus(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE);=USART_GetFlagStatus && 该位允许中断